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Gongzi Ang 公子卬

Mar 7, 2019 © Ulrich Theobald

There were two persons of the name "Ducal Son" Gongzi Ang 公子卬. The first was a general of the state of Wei 魏 known from a battle in 338, and the second one a general of the state of Qin 秦 known from a military engagement in 331. Both lived during the Warring States period 戰國 (5th cent.-221 BCE).

In 338, Shang Yang 商鞅 (Wei Yang 衛鞅), counsellor of Duke Xiao of Qin 秦孝公 (r. 362-338), convinced his sovereign to attack Wei, which was critically weakened just after the battle of Maling 馬陵, where Wei was heavily defeated by Qi 齊. Shang was given military command. His opponent was Gongzi Ang from Wei. The two knew from earlier times and Gongsun Ang trusted Shang Yang, who convinced him to conclude peace. On his way from a peace convent, Gongsun Ang was captured and his army annihilated.

Later, when Shang Yang became the victim of intrigues and fled from Qin, Wei refused to grant him asylum, and Shang returned to Qin, where he was brutally executed.

General Gongzi Ang from Qin participated in the battle of Diaoyin 雕陰 (today's Ganquan 甘泉, Shaanxi) under the command of Gongsun Yan 公孫衍 (Xishou 犀首). In this battle, General Long Jia 龍賈 of Wei was captured and killed, and the western regions of Wei were lost to Qin.

Sources:
An Weibin 安維濱, Sun Hongzhang 孫鴻章, ed. (1993). Zhong-wai zhandian 中外戰典 (Beijing: Zhongyang minzu xueyuan chubanshe), 642.
Lei Jinfang 雷近芳 (1992). "QIn gong Wei Hexi zhi zhan 秦攻魏河西之戰", in Chen Xiansi 陳顯泗, ed. Zhong-wai zhanzheng zhanyi da cidian 中外戰爭戰役大辭典 (Changsha: Hunan chubanshe), 12.
Lu Xianyan 陸曉延 (2000). "Gongzi Ang 公子卬", in Zhonghua Qin wenhua cidian bianweihui 《中華秦文化辭典》編委會, ed. Zhonghua Qin wenhua cidian 中華秦文化辭典 (Xi'an: Xibei daxue chubanshe), 138.
Zhang Ke 張克, Huang Kangbo 黃康白, Huang Fangdong 黃方東, ed. (1991). Shiji renwu cidian 史記人物辭典 (Nanning: Guangxi renmin chubanshe), 176.