Yiyulu 異域錄 is a travel report of the early Qing period written by Tulišen (Ch. Tulishen 圖理琛m 1667-1740) from the Aha Gioro clan 阿額覺羅氏 and member of the Plain Yellow banner (Manzhou zhenghuang qi 滿洲正黃旗). In 1712, he was sent to a mission to the Torɣud (Chin. Tu'erhute 土爾扈特) ruler Ayuka Khan (Ch. Ayuqi 阿玉奇, r. 1669-1724). He arrived in the residence of the Khan at the Volga River after nearly two years of travel, and returned to Beijing in early 1715.
The book describes what Tulišen observed during his travel, from geographical and ethnographical aspects to flora and fauna of Mongolia, Siberia, and the Russian steppe. In most editions a map of the travel is added. The book was finished and printed in 1723. Tulišen's travel is seen the first direct contact between China and Russia, even if the border Treaty of Nerchinsk (Ch. Nibuchu tiaoyue 尼布楚條約) had been concluded before, namely in 1689.
The text is included in the series Siku quanshu 四庫全書, Zhaodai congshu 昭代叢書, Jieyueshanfang huichao 借月山房彙鈔, Zeguzhai chongchao 澤古齋重鈔, Congshu jicheng chubian 叢書集成初編 and Xiaofanghuzhai yudi congchao 小方壺齋輿地叢鈔. It was written in Manchu (title Lakcaha jecen-de takūraha babe ejehe bithe "Records from the mission to the remote borderlands") and in Chinese. It was translated into English, Russian, French, and German.
The Great Wall right bottom, Moscow (莫斯科窪) as a square top left. |
楚庫柏興 | городъ Селенгинскъ | city of Selenginsk |
烏的柏興 | городъ Удинскъ | city of Udinsk |
柏爾湖 | Байкалъ | Lake Baikal |
厄爾庫城 | городъ Иркуцкъ | city of Irkutsk |
昂噶拉河 | рѣка Ангара | River Angara |
伊聶謝柏興 | городъ Енисейскъ | city of Yeniseysk |
麻科斯科 | Маковской волокъ | (portage of) Makovsk |
揭的河 | рѣка Кеть | River Ket |
那里本柏興 | городъ Нарымъ | city of Narym |
蘇爾呼忒柏興 | городъ Тургутъ | city of Turgut |
薩瑪爾斯科 | Самарскъ | (city of) Samarsk |
狄本演斯科 | Димянскъ | (city of) Dimyansk |
托波爾 | городъ Тобольскъ | city of Tobolsk |
городъ Тюмень | city of Tyumen | |
鴉班沁 | городъ Япанчинъ | city of Yapanchin |
費耶爾和土爾斯科城 | городъ Верьхотурье | city of Verkhoturye |
費耶爾和土爾斯科佛落克嶺 | Верхотурской волокъ | portage of Verkhotursk |
索里喀穆斯科 | городъ Соликамской | city of Solikamskoy |
改郭羅多 | Кай городъ | Kay City |
黒林諾付 | городъ Хлыновъ | city of Khlynov |
喀山 | городъ Казань | city of Kazan |
西穆必爾斯科 | городъ Синбирскъ | city of Sinbirsk |
薩拉托付 | городъ Саратовъ | city of Saratov (meeting with Ayuka Khan) |
塔喇斯科 | городъ Тара | city of Tara |
托穆斯科 | городъ Томскъ | city of Tomsk |
伊里木城 | Илимъ городъ | Ilim City |