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Liang Jianwendi 梁簡文帝 (r. 549-551), personal name Xiao Gang 蕭綱, courtesy name Shizan 世纘, was an emperor of the Liang dynasty 梁 (502-557). He was the third son of Emperor Wu 梁武帝 (r. 502-549), and his mother was Lady Ding 丁貴嬪 (see females offices).
He was initially invested as Prince of Jin'an 晉安. In 523, he was appointed regional inspector (cishi 刺史) of the province of Yongzhou 雍州, and in 531 obtained the title of Heir Apparent.
In 549, during the rebellion of Hou Jing 侯景 (503-552), Emperor Wu starved to death, and Liu Gang was officially enthroned. He changed the reign motto to Dabao 大寶 and nominated his son Xiao Daqi 蕭大器 Heir Apparent. But Hou Jing, acting as regent, dethroned Xiao Gang and reduced him to his former position of Prince of Jin'an. Shortly later, he had him killed.
Xiao Gang was buried in the tomb hill Zhuangling 莊陵 (close to Danyang 丹陽, Jiangsu). His posthumous name was first Emperor Ming 梁明帝, and his temple name Gaozong 梁高宗. After the enthronement of Xiao Yi 蕭繹 (Emperor Yuan 梁元帝, r. 552-554), his posthumous title was changed to Emperor Jianwen 梁簡文帝, and his temple name to Taizong 梁太宗.
Xiao Gang was famous for his poems and rhapsodies and created the so-called "palace style" (gongti shi 宮體詩). The original collected writings are lost, but Zhang Pu 張溥 (1602-1641) assembled the surviving writings, publishing them as Liang Jianwendi ji 梁簡文帝集.