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Bian Que shenying zhenjiu yulong jing 扁鵲神應針灸玉龍經

Jun 30, 2025 © Ulrich Theobald

Bian Que shenying zhenjiu yulong jing 扁鵲神應針灸玉龍經 "The Jade Dragon book of divine acupuncture responses of Bian Que" is a book on acupuncture written during the Yuan period 元 (1279-1368) by Wang Guoduan 王國端 (fl. 1329) from Wuyuan 婺源 (in today's Jiangxi province). His father, Wang Jingze 王鏡澤, was a renowned physician of the time, skilled in acupuncture and moxibustion. Wang Guoduan inherited his father's profession and also became well known for his expertise in acupuncture. He claimed to follow the tradition of Bian Que 扁鵲, a legendary medical sage), focusing exclusively on the methods of acupuncture and incorporating family-inherited knowledge.

The book was completed in 1329. It begins with a discussion of 120 acupuncture points, followed by 85 verses of the "Song of the Jade Dragon" (Yulong ge 玉龍歌). Next comes the section titled "Rhapsody on the annotations on the hidden essentials" (Zhujie biaoyou fu 注解標幽賦), followed by twelve verses of the "Chanted formulas of the eleven celestial star points" (Tianxing shiyi que gejue 天星十一穴歌訣). Then come the "Chanted formulas of the human spirit, coccyx spirit, the Supreme Unity, and the Nine Palaces" (Renshen jiushen taiyi jiugong gejue 人神尻神太乙九宮歌訣); "Therapeutic indications for sixty-six acupuncture points" (Liushiliu que zhizheng 六十六穴治證); "Secret formulas of the midnight–midday flow method" (Ziwu liuzhu xinyao mijue 子午流注心要秘訣); the "Diagram of the six methods matched to the calendar" (Rishi peihe liufa tu 日時配合六法圖); and the "Secret transmission of the direct needling of the rock-gold point" (Panshi jinzhi ci bichuan 盤石金直刺秘傳). The appendix includes the "Acupuncture songs" (Zhenjiu ge 針灸歌) and a "Miscellaneous collection of essential excerpts (Zalu qieyao 雜錄切要).

Wang's disciple Zhou Zhongliang 周仲良 wrote a preface dated 1329, stating that the book was attributed to Bian Que out of reverence for his medical teachings and divine methods. Many of the titles within the book are coarse or rustic in tone, and the writing is simple and straightforward, typical of the style used by practitioners of the healing arts. Nevertheless, the medical content it covers was clearly transmitted through direct instruction.

The text is included in the imperial series Siku quanshu 四庫全書.

Sources:
Gao Xiyan 高希言, ed. 2002. Zhongguo zhenjiu cidian 中國針灸辭典, 36. Zhengzhou: Henan kexue jishu chubanshe.
Li Xueqin 李學勤, and Lü Wenyu 呂文郁, eds. (1996). Siku da cidian 四庫大辭典, vol. 2, 1676. Changchun: Jilin daxue chubanshe.
Yu Ying'ao 余瀛鰲, and Li Jingwei 李經緯, eds. 2000. Zhongyi wenxian cidian 中醫文獻辭典, 568. Beijing: Beijing kexue jishu chubanshe.
Zhuang Shufan 莊樹藩, ed. 1990. Zhonghua gu wenxian da cidian 中華古文獻大辭典, vol. Yiyao 醫藥卷, 232. Changchun: Jilin wenshi chubanshe.